ω-3 PUFAs and Resveratrol Differently Modulate Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Processes

Biomed Res Int. 2015:2015:535189. doi: 10.1155/2015/535189. Epub 2015 Aug 2.

Abstract

ω-3 PUFAs and polyphenols have multiple effects on inflammation in vivo and in vitro. The effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and resveratrol (RV) were investigated in LPS-stimulated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) (i.e., acute inflammation) and IL-1β activated human chondrocytes (i.e., chronic inflammation). Inflammatory mediators including chemokines, cytokines, interleukins, and PGE2 were measured by multiplex analysis and gene expression was quantified by RT-PCR. In PBLs, RV decreased the secretion of PGE2, CCL5/RANTES, and CXCL8/IL-8 but increased IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10. In contrast to RV, ω-3 PUFAs augmented the production of PGE2 and CXCL8/IL-8. EPA and DHA similarly affected the pattern of inflammatory mediators. Combination of RV and ω-3 PUFAs exerted synergistic effects on CCL5/RANTES and had additive effects on IL-6 or CXCL8/IL-8. Both ω-3 PUFAs and RV reduced catabolic gene expression (e.g., MMPs, ADAMTS-4, IL-1β, and IL-6) in activated chondrocytes. The data suggest that ω-3 PUFAs and RV differ in the regulation of acute inflammation of peripheral blood leukocytes but have common properties in modulating features related to chronic inflammation of chondrocytes.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Chondrocytes / drug effects
  • Chondrocytes / metabolism
  • Chondrocytes / pathology
  • Chronic Disease
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids / administration & dosage
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / administration & dosage*
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / chemically induced
  • Inflammation / diet therapy*
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Interleukin-10 / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-6 / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-8 / biosynthesis
  • Leukocytes / drug effects*
  • Lipopolysaccharides / toxicity
  • Resveratrol
  • Stilbenes / administration & dosage*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis

Substances

  • CXCL8 protein, human
  • Fatty Acids, Omega-3
  • IL10 protein, human
  • Interleukin-6
  • Interleukin-8
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Stilbenes
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Interleukin-10
  • Docosahexaenoic Acids
  • Eicosapentaenoic Acid
  • Resveratrol