What’s new with Grails 4

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2018, Object Computing, Inc. (OCI). All rights reserved. objectcomputing.com 2 • SENIOR ENGINEER AT OCI SINCE JANUARY 2017 • MICRONAUT / GRAILS OCI TEAM • GUADALAJARA, SPAIN • CURATOR OF GROOVYCALAMARI.COM • PODCAST HOST OF PODCAST.GROOVYCALAMARI.COM • GREACH Conference organizer • @SDELAMO • HTTP://SERGIODELAMO.ES SERGIO DEL AMO

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1. What’s New 2. Upgrade Challenges 3. Micronaut Integration 3 Agenda

Upgrade started October 2017 Then mostly delayed until late 2018 Milestone 1 released in February 19th 2019 Milestone 2 released in March 26th 2019 Release Candidate 1 released in 17th April 2019 4 Grails 4 History

1. Java 8 Minimum 2. Groovy 2.5.6 3. Spring Boot 2.1.3 4. Spring 5.1.5 5. GORM 7 / Hibernate 5.4 6. Gradle 5.1.1 7. Spock 1.2 8. Micronaut Integration 5 What’s New in Grails 4

6 Upgrading to Grails 4 != Grails 2 Grails 3 Grails 3 Grails 4

1. Most deprecations have been removed 2. Some package restructuring 3. No major breaking API changes 4. Most plugins should just work 5. Breaking changes in Spring, Hibernate, Groovy 7 Upgrading

You will need to upgrade your Grails version defined in gradle.properties 8 Migration Steps - Bump up Grails Version grailsVersion=4.0.0.RC1

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/wiki/Spring- Boot-2.0-Migration-Guide Notable: 1. Many configuration changes 2. Embedded container API 3. Endpoints Changes 9 Spring Boot Changes

Actuator have changed substantatially from Spring Boot 1.5 used by Grails 3 to Spring Boot 2. 10 Migration Steps 3 - Spring Boot 2.1 Actuator changes endpoints: enabled: false jmx: enabled: true unique-names: true Grails 3 spring: jmx: unique-names: true management: endpoints: enabled-by-default: false Grails 4

Spring Boot Developer Tools in combination with a browser extension such as the Chrome LiveReload extension to get automatic browser refresh when you change anything in your Grails application. 11 Migration Steps 4 - Spring Boot Developer Tols . .. ... configurations { developmentOnly runtimeClasspath { extendsFrom developmentOnly } } dependencies { developmentOnly("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools") ... Grails 4

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-integration/wiki/ Spring-Integration-4.3-to-5.0-Migration-Guide Nothing that should impact the average Grails application 12 Spring Changes

https://docs.gradle.org/current/userguide/upgrading_version_4.html Gradle 3 no longer supported, 4 not officially supported Many breaking changes from 3 to 5 13 Gradle Changes ./gradlew wrapper --gradle-version 5.4.1

Spring Boot Gradle plugin’s documentation. 14 Migration Steps 5 - Spring Boot Gradle Plugin Changes bootRun { addResources = true … } build.gradle - Grails 3 bootRun { sourceResources sourceSets.main … } build.gradle - Grails 4

Spring Boot Gradle plugin’s documentation. 15 Migration Steps 6 - Building executable jars for Grails Plugins bootRepackage.enabled=false build.gradle - Grails 3 bootJar.enabled=false build.gradle - Grails 4

http://gorm.grails.org/7.0.x/hibernate/manual/ index.html#upgradeNotes Notable: 1. All operations now require a transaction 2. Proxy behavior has changed 3. No more REST client 16 GORM / Hibernate Changes

Package Restructuring and Deprecations Previously deprecated classes have been deleted from this release. In order to support Java 11 modules in the future some package re-structuring has ocurred. 17 GORM / Hibernate Changes

Changes to Proxy Handling GORM no longer creates custom proxy factories nor automatically unwraps Hibernate proxies. 18 GORM / Hibernate Changes

19 GORM / Hibernate Proxy Changes class Pet { String name } class Dog extends Pet {} class Person { String name Pet pet } def person = Person.get(1) assert person.pet instanceof Dog assert person.pet.instanceOf(Dog) assert Pet.get(person.petId).instanceOf(Dog) assert Pet.get(person.petId) instanceof Dog GRAILS 3

class Pet { String name } class Dog extends Pet {} class Person { String name Pet pet } def person = Person.get(1) assert person.pet instanceof Dog assert person.pet.instanceOf(Dog) assert Pet.get(person.petId).instanceOf(Dog) assert Pet.get(person.petId) instanceof Dog 20 GORM / Hibernate Proxy Changes GRAILS 4

grails-validation Deprecated and Removed Gorm 6.x the grails-validation module was deprecated and replaced by grails-datastore-gorm-validation. Deprecated interfaces were maintained for backwards compatibility. In Gorm 7.0, these depreacted classes have been removed and all dependency on grails-validation removed. 21 GORM / Hibernate Changes

Transactions Now Required for all Operations Previous versions of Hibernate allowed read operation to be executed without the presence of a declared transaction. Hibernate 5.2. and above require the presence of an active transaction. If you see a javax.persistence.TransactionRequiredException exception, it means your method lacks @Transactional annotation around it. 22 GORM / Hibernate Changes

You will need to upgrade your GORM version defined in gradle.properties 23 Migration Steps - Bump up GORM Version gorm.version=7.0.1.RELEASE

24 Migration Steps 5 - Upgrading Hibernate dependencies { … compile “org.grails.plugins.hibernate5” compile “org.hibernate:hibernate-core:5.1.5.Final” } build.gradle - Grails 3 dependencies { … compile “org.grails.plugins.hibernate5” compile “org.hibernate:hibernate-core:5.4.0.Final” } build.gradle - Grails 4

org.grails:grails-datastore-rest-client deprecated in favor of Micronaut HTTP Client. 25 Rest client Builder Grails Plugin Removal String uri = "http://repo.grails.org/grails/api/security/groups/test-group" def resp = rest.put(uri){ auth System.getProperty("artifactory.user"), System.getProperty("artifactory.pass") contentType "application/vnd.org.jfrog.artifactory.security.Group+json" json { name = "test-group" description = "A temporary test group" } } Rest client Builder - Grails 3

org.grails:grails-datastore-rest-client deprecated in favor of Micronaut HTTP Client. 26 Rest client Builder Grails Plugin Removal Map<String, Object> payload = [name: "test-group", description: "A temporary test group”] String uri = "http://repo.grails.org/grails/api/security/groups/test-group" HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.PUT(uri,payload) .basicAuth(System.getProperty("artifactory.user"), System.getProperty("artifactory.pass")) .contentType("application/vnd.org.jfrog.artifactory.security.Group+json") HttpResponse resp = client.toBlocking().exchange(request) Micronaut HTTP Client - Grails 4

http://groovy-lang.org/releasenotes/groovy-2.5.html Notable: 1. No more “all” jar 2. New annotations 3. Date extensions require a new dependency 4. JDK 11 warnings not resolved 27 Groovy Changes

Plugins should just work unless… They use an API that has been changed or removed GrailsDomainClass https://docs.grails.org/latest/guide/ upgrading.html#_grails_domain_class_api_deprecated Spring Boot Embedded Server 28 Plugins

29 Migration Steps - Geb - from Geb 1.x to Geb 2.x dependencies { testCompile “org.grails.plugins:geb:1.1.2” testRuntime “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-htmlunit-driver:2.47.1” testRuntime “net.sourceforge.htmlunit:htmlunit:2.18” build.gradle - Grails 3 dependencies { testCompile “org.grails.plugins:geb” testCompile “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-remote-driver:3.14.0” testCompile “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-api:3.14.0” testCompile “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-support:3.14.0” testRuntime “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-chrome-driver:3.14.0” testRuntime “org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-firefox-driver:3.14.0” build.gradle - Grails 4

30 Migration Steps - Geb - Webdriver binaries Gradle plugin buildscript { repositories { ... } dependencies { ... classpath "gradle.plugin.com.github.erdi.webdriver-binaries:webdriver-binaries-gradle-plugin:2.1" } } ... apply plugin:"com.github.erdi.webdriver-binaries" webdriverBinaries { chromedriver "2.46.0" geckodriver "0.24.0" } build.gradle - Grails 4

31 Migration Steps - Geb - Webdriver binaries tasks.withType(Test) { systemProperty "geb.env", System.getProperty('geb.env') systemProperty "geb.build.reportsDir", reporting.file("geb/integrationTest") systemProperty "webdriver.chrome.driver", System.getProperty('webdriver.chrome.driver') systemProperty "webdriver.gecko.driver", System.getProperty('webdriver.gecko.driver') } build.gradle - Grails 4

32 Migration Steps - GebConfig import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver environments { // run via “./gradlew -Dgeb.env=chrome iT” chrome { driver = { new ChromeDriver() } } // run via “./gradlew -Dgeb.env=chromeHeadless iT” chromeHeadless { driver = { ChromeOptions o = new ChromeOptions() o.addArguments('headless') new ChromeDriver(o) } } // run via “./gradlew -Dgeb.env=firefox iT” firefox { driver = { new FirefoxDriver() } } } src/integration-test/resources/GebConfig.groovy - Grails 4

33 Migration Steps - Asset Pipeline buildscript { dependencies { .. classpath: “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:2.14.1” } } apply plugin “asset-pipeline” dependencies { .. runtime “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:2.14.1” build.gradle - Grails 3 build.gradle - Grails 4 buildscript { .. dependencies { classpath: “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:3.0.10” … } … apply plugin “com.bertramlabs.asset-pipeline” … dependencies { … runtime “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:3.0.10” http://www.asset-pipeline.com/manual/index.html

34 Migration Steps - Asset Pipeline buildscript { dependencies { .. classpath: “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:2.14.1” } } apply plugin “asset-pipeline” dependencies { .. runtime “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:2.14.1” build.gradle - Grails 3 build.gradle - Grails 4 buildscript { .. dependencies { classpath: “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:3.0.10” … } … apply plugin “com.bertramlabs.asset-pipeline” … dependencies { … runtime “com.bertramlabs.plugins:asset-pipeline-grails:3.0.10” http://www.asset-pipeline.com/manual/index.html

35 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core dependencies { … compile “org.grails.plugins:spring-security-core:3.2.0” } build.gradle - Grails 3 build.gradle - Grails 4 dependencies { … compile “org.grails.plugins:spring-security-core:4.0.0.RC2” } https://grails-plugins.github.io/grails-spring-security-core/

36 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core class User { SpringSecurityService springSecurityService … … def beforeInsert() { encodePassword() } def beforeUpdate() { if (isDirty(‘password’)) { encodePassword() } } protected void encodePassword() { password = springSecurityService?.passwordEncoder ? springSecurityService.encodePassword(password) } } grails-app/example/User.groovy - Grails 3

37 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core class User { SpringSecurityService springSecurityService … … def beforeInsert() { encodePassword() } def beforeUpdate() { if (isDirty(‘password’)) { encodePassword() } } protected void encodePassword() { password = springSecurityService?.passwordEncoder ? springSecurityService.encodePassword(password) } } grails-app/example/User.groovy - Grails 4

38 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core import grails.plugin.springsecurity.SpringSecurityService import org.grails.datastore.mapping.engine.event.* import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired import grails.events.annotation.gorm.Listener @CompileStatic class UserPasswordEncoderListener { @Autowired SpringSecurityService springSecurityService @Listener(User) void onPreInsertEvent(PreInsertEvent event) { encodePasswordForEvent(event) } @Listener(User) void onPreUpdateEvent(PreUpdateEvent event) { encodePasswordForEvent(event) } private void encodePasswordForEvent(AbstractPersistenceEvent event) { if (event.entityObject instanceof User) { User u = event.entityObject as User if (u.password && ((event instanceof PreInsertEvent) || (event instanceof PreUpdateEvent && u.isDirty('password')))) { event.getEntityAccess().setProperty('password', encodePassword(u.password)) } } } private String encodePassword(String password) { springSecurityService?.passwordEncoder ? springSecurityService.encodePassword(password) : password } } src/main/groovy/example/UserPasswordEncoderListener.groovy - Grails 4

39 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core import example.UserPasswordEncoderListener beans = { userPasswordEncoderListener(UserPasswordEncoderListener) } grails-app/conf/spring/resources.groovy - Grails 4

Spring Security 5 changed the way password are encoded and compared for matches. {bcrypt}someencryptedpassword // using bcrypt {noop}planintextpassword 40 Migration Steps - Spring Security Core

• Micronaut a Foundational Library for building applications of any type • Focuses on Small Memory Footprint and Speed • Eliminates Reflection, Runtime Proxies and Runtime Analysis 41 Micronaut Integration

Micronaut has also been used to improve startup and reduce overall memory consumption of Grails applications (along associated improvements in Spring Boot 2.1) 42 Micronaut Integration

• Micronaut Supports Message-Driven Applications • Declarative Clients for Kafka & RabbitMQ • Use @RabbitListener for RabbitMQ • Use @KafkaListener for Kafka • Planned Support For Other Messaging Systems 43 Micronaut Messaging

EXAMPLE Micronaut HTTP Client used by Grails 44

45 Micronaut Declarative Http Client in Grails 4 curl start.grails.org/versions ["3.1.13","3.1.14","3.1.15","3.1.16","3.1.17.BUILD- SNAPSHOT","3.2.2","3.2.3","3.2.4","3.2.5","3.2.6","3.2.7","3.2.8","3.2.9","3.2. 10","3.2.11","3.2.12","3.2.13","3.2.14.BUILD- SNAPSHOT","3.3.0","3.3.1","3.3.2","3.3.3","3.3.4","3.3.5","3.3.6","3.3.7","3.3. 8","3.3.9","3.3.10.BUILD-SNAPSHOT"]`

46 Using Micronaut Declarative Client from a Grails 4 app package example.grails interface GrailsClient { List<String> versions() } src/main/groovy/example/grails/GrailsClient.groovy package example.grails import io.micronaut.http.annotation.Get import io.micronaut.http.client.annotation.Client @Client("https://start.grails.org") interface GrailsApplicationForge extends GrailsClient { @Override @Get("/versions") List<String> versions(); } src/main/groovy/example/grails/GrailsApplicationForge.groovy … dependencies { … compile 'io.micronaut:micronaut-http-client' } build.gradle

47 Using Micronaut Declarative Client from a Grails 4 app grails-app/controllers/example/grails/VersionsController.groovy package example.grails import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired class VersionsController { @Autowired GrailsClient grailsClient def index() { render grailsClient.versions() } }

48 Micronaut Http Client in integration test of Grails 4 src/integration-test/groovy/example/grails/VersionsControllerSpec.groovy package example.grails import grails.testing.mixin.integration.Integration import io.micronaut.http.HttpRequest import io.micronaut.http.client.BlockingHttpClient import io.micronaut.http.client.HttpClient import spock.lang.Specification @Integration class VersionsControllerSpec extends Specification { void "/versions/index returns Grails versions"() { given: BlockingHttpClient client = HttpClient.create(new URL("http://localhost:$serverPort".toString())).toBlocking() when: String versions = client.retrieve(HttpRequest.GET('/versions/index'), String) then: versions.contains('3.2.10') versions.contains('3.3.1') } }

49 Using Micronaut Declarative Client from a Grails 4 app micronaut: http: services: appforge: url: "https://start.grails.org" grails-app/conf/application.yml package example.grails import io.micronaut.http.annotation.Get import io.micronaut.http.client.annotation.Client @Client("appforge") interface GrailsApplicationForge extends GrailsClient { @Override @Get("/versions") List<String> versions(); } src/main/groovy/example/grails/GrailsApplicationForge.groovy

• Consider Building Configurations instead of Plugins • Work with Micronaut, Spring (with `micronaut-spring`) and Grails • Plugins only work with Grails • … although some things only possible with Plugins (Views, taglibs etc.) 50 Micronaut or Grails?

EXAMPLE Micronaut Configuration used by Grails, Micronaut and Spring Boot 51

52 Building configurations instead of plugins ├── build.gradle ├── gradle │ └── wrapper │ ├── gradle-wrapper.jar │ └── gradle-wrapper.properties ├── gradle.properties ├── gradlew ├── gradlew.bat ├── grails-app │ ├── conf │ │ ├── application.yml │ │ └── logback.groovy │ ├── services │ │ └── eu │ │ └── vies │ │ ├── VatService.groovy │ ├── init │ │ └── eu │ │ └── vies │ │ ├── Application.groovy │ │ └── BootStrap.groovy ├── grails-wrapper.jar ├── grailsw ├── grailsw.bat …

53 Building configurations instead of plugins grails-plugin: grails-app/services/eu/vies/VatService.groovy package eu.vies import groovy.transform.CompileDynamic import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import wslite.soap.SOAPClient import wslite.soap.SOAPResponse @CompileStatic class VatService { String url = 'http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/vies/services/checkVatService' SOAPClient client = new SOAPClient("${url}.wsdl") @CompileDynamic Boolean validateVat(String memberStateCode, String vatNumberCode) { SOAPResponse response = client.send(SOAPAction: url) { body('xmlns': 'urn:ec.europa.eu:taxud:vies:services:checkVat:types') { checkVat { countryCode(memberStateCode) vatNumber(vatNumberCode) } } } response.checkVatResponse.valid.text() == 'true' } }

54 Building configurations instead of plugins . ├── build.gradle ├── gradle.properties └── src ├── main │ └── groovy │ └── eu │ └── vies │ └── VatService.groovy └── test └── groovy └── eu └── vies └── VatServiceSpec.groovy

55 Building configurations instead of plugins lib: build.gradle plugins { id 'groovy' } repositories { jcenter() } dependencies { compileOnly "io.micronaut:micronaut-inject-groovy:$micronautVersion" compile 'org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-xml:2.5.7' compile 'com.github.groovy-wslite:groovy-wslite:1.1.2' testCompile("org.spockframework:spock-core:${spockVersion}") { exclude module: 'groovy-all' } }

56 Building configurations instead of plugins lib: src/main/groovy/eu/vies/VatService.groovy package eu.vies import groovy.transform.CompileDynamic import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import wslite.soap.SOAPClient import wslite.soap.SOAPResponse import javax.inject.Singleton @CompileStatic @Singleton class VatService { String url = 'http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/vies/services/checkVatService' SOAPClient client = new SOAPClient("${url}.wsdl") @CompileDynamic Boolean validateVat(String memberStateCode, String vatNumberCode) { SOAPResponse response = client.send(SOAPAction: url) { body('xmlns': 'urn:ec.europa.eu:taxud:vies:services:checkVat:types') { checkVat { countryCode(memberStateCode) vatNumber(vatNumberCode) } } } response.checkVatResponse.valid.text() == 'true' } }

57 Building configurations instead of plugins grails: grails-app/controllers/example/grails/ViesController.groovy .package example.grails import eu.vies.VatService import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired @CompileStatic class ViesController { @Autowired VatService vatService def valid(String memberStateCode, String vatNumberCode) { render vatService.validateVat(memberStateCode, vatNumberCode) } }

58 Building configurations instead of plugins micronaut: src/main/example/micronaut/ViesController.groovy .package example.micronaut import eu.vies.VatService import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import io.micronaut.http.annotation.Controller import io.micronaut.http.annotation.Get import javax.inject.Inject @CompileStatic @Controller('/vies') class ViesController { @Inject VatService vatService @Get('/valid') Boolean valid(String memberStateCode, String vatNumberCode) { vatService.validateVat(memberStateCode, vatNumberCode) } }

59 Building configurations instead of plugins springboot: src/main/example/micronaut/ViesController.groovy .package example.springboot import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan @ComponentScan(basePackages = "eu.vies", basePackageClasses = SpringbootApplication.class) @SpringBootApplication class SpringbootApplication { static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(SpringbootApplication, args) } }

60 Building configurations instead of plugins springboot: src/main/example/micronaut/ViesController.groovy .package example.springboot import eu.vies.VatService import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController @CompileStatic @RequestMapping('/vies') @RestController class ViesController { @Autowired VatService vatService @GetMapping('/valid') Boolean valid(@RequestParam(required = true) String memberStateCode, @RequestParam(required = true) String vatNumberCode) { vatService.validateVat(memberStateCode, vatNumberCode) } }

61 Building configurations instead of plugins lib: build.gradle plugins { id 'groovy' } repositories { jcenter() } dependencies { compileOnly “io.micronaut:micronaut-inject-groovy:1.2.1” compileOnly “io.micronaut.spring:micronautspring-annotation:1.0.1” compileOnly “org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:2.1.5.RELEASE” compile 'org.codehaus.groovy:groovy-xml:2.5.7' compile 'com.github.groovy-wslite:groovy-wslite:1.1.2' testCompile("org.spockframework:spock-core:${spockVersion}") { exclude module: 'groovy-all' } }

62 Building configurations instead of plugins lib: src/main/groovy/eu/vies/VatService.groovy package eu.vies import groovy.transform.CompileDynamic import groovy.transform.CompileStatic import wslite.soap.SOAPClient import wslite.soap.SOAPResponse import org.springframework.stereotype.Service @CompileStatic @Service class VatService { String url = 'http://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/vies/services/checkVatService' SOAPClient client = new SOAPClient("${url}.wsdl") @CompileDynamic Boolean validateVat(String memberStateCode, String vatNumberCode) { SOAPResponse response = client.send(SOAPAction: url) { body('xmlns': 'urn:ec.europa.eu:taxud:vies:services:checkVat:types') { checkVat { countryCode(memberStateCode) vatNumber(vatNumberCode) } } } response.checkVatResponse.valid.text() == 'true' } }

• Configuration with @ConfigurationProperties • Beans with @Singleton, @Factory etc. • Conditional Behavior with @Requires • Customization with @Replaces 63 Micronaut Configurations

• Upgrading very different compared to 2 -> 3 • Micronaut Provides an Awesome Foundation • Building Blocks to Create Libraries, Configurations and Clients • Most Micronaut Features Available in Grails • Build Micronaut Libraries not Plugins 64 In Summary

What’s new with Grails 4

What’s new with Grails 4

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